This is what his marks looked like plotted out: Every day, Elliot recorded his quiz marks on a stem and leaf plot. As the year passed, each student tried to improve his or her quiz marks. The class marked them together and everyone kept a record of their personal scores. Example 1 – Making a stem and leaf plotĮach morning, a teacher quizzed his class with 20 geography questions. Not quite getting it? Try some exercises. In stem and leaf plots, tally marks are not required because the actual data are used. If the range of values is too great, the number 23.7 can be rounded up to 24 to limit the number of stems. Where observations are accurate to one or more decimal places, such as 23.7, the stem is 23 and the leaf is 7. If the observed value is 369, then the stem is 36 and the leaf is 9. These will be your leaves.įor example, if the observed value is 25, then the stem is 2 and the leaf is the 5. On the other side of the line, write down the ones (the last digit of a number). Draw a line to the right of these stems.On the left hand side of the page, write down the thousands, hundreds or tens (all digits but the last one).Once you have decided that a stem and leaf plot is the best way to show your data, draw it as follows: Top of Page Tips on how to draw a stem and leaf plot shows how the data are spread-that is, highest number, lowest number, most common number and outliers (a number that lies outside the main group of numbers).looks like a bar graph when it is turned on its side.For example, test results, speeds, heights, weights, etc. Anything that has a decimal point is rounded to the nearest whole number. shows the first digits of the number (thousands, hundreds or tens) as the stem and shows the last digit (ones) as the leaf.The leaf of the number will always be a single digit. The stem of the number includes all but the last digit. Each number in the data is broken down into a stem and a leaf, thus the name. A stem and leaf plot is used to organize data as they are collected.Ī stem and leaf plot looks something like a bar graph. Example 6 – Using stem and leaf plots as graphĪ stem and leaf plot, or stem plot, is a technique used to classify either discrete or continuous variables.Example 5 – Splitting stems using decimal values.Example 3 – Making an ordered stem and leaf plot.Example 2 – Making a stem and leaf plot.The main advantage of a stem and leaf plot.Example 1 – Making a stem and leaf plot.Tips on how to draw a stem and leaf plot.Please contact us to request a format other than those available. It is not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards and has not been altered or updated since it was archived. For more information on ogives, click here.Information identified as archived is provided for reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. Ogive: Ogive graphs plot a variable against its corresponding percentile (the percent of observations at or below that value). The data points are plotted to see if there is an association between the two variables. Scatter plot: These graphs have an x-variable and a y-variable. For more information on box plots, click here. However, bar graphs plot categorical data and have gap between each bar, whereas histograms plot numerical data and are continuous (no gaps).īox plot: Box plots graphically represent the Five Number Summary. Histogram: Histograms, similar to bar graphs, use rectangular bars whose heights correspond to frequency. For example, when 4 is the stem and 5 is the leaf, the corresponding number is 45. Stem and leaf: For these graphs, the stem represents the first digit of the number and the leaf/leaves represent the second digit(s). To graph numerical data, one uses dot plots, stem and leaf graphs, histograms, box plots, ogive graphs, and scatter plots. Examples of numerical data are height, weight, age, number of movies watched, IQ, etc. Numerical data represent values that can be measured and put into a logical order. Pie chart: Pie charts are circular graphs in which various slices have different arc lengths depending on its quantity. To graph categorical data, one uses bar charts and pie charts.īar chart: Bar charts use rectangular bars to plot qualitative data against its quantity. If this data happens to be numerical, then the numbers would not have any mathematical meaning or proper order. Examples of cateogrical data are class (freshman, sophomore, etc), color (blue, red, yellow, etc), and gender (male, female). Describing Data - Categorical vs NumericalĬategorical data represent characterisitcs that one can observe and sort into groups.
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